Sam is a Senior Analyst at the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime. She has extensive experience in the fields of counter trafficking, migration and criminal justice. She has worked for the United Nations, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Walk Free Foundation, a global anti-slavery initiative.

Sam specializes in human trafficking trends in the Middle East, North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa. She has conducted extensive field research throughout MENA, and during 2016, worked with the UN in Iraq to assess the growing phenomenon of trafficking in conflict. She is currently researching the nexus between human smuggling and human trafficking.

Sam is the co-author of the 2014 and 2016 Global Slavery Index, and the IOM’s 2015 report The Other Migrant Crisis. She is a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australia. She is currently based in Geneva, Switzerland.